Andrew Whitechapel : Excel Services

Excel Services Getting Started – Pt4 Web Service APIs

andreww — Thu, 21 May 2009 01:34:00 GMT

This continues my previous checklists here, here and here on getting started with Excel Services. In this post, I’ll append a walkthrough for using the Excel Web Services APIs.

6. Using Excel Web Services APIs

6.1 Create an publish a workbook (RegionalSales.xlsx)

a. We could use any of the workbooks we’ve already published, but for simplicity, we’ll create a new one. Using Excel client, create a simple spreadsheet to represent regional sales. In one column put labels for the sales regions (North, South, East, West), and in the next column put some arbitrary $ values. Define names for each of the value cells, using the default names offered by Excel (based on the labels in the adjoining cell).

	A	B
1	Sales
2	North	$1,234.00
3	South	$5,678.00
4	East	$9,876.00
5	West	$5,432.00

b. Publish the sheet to Excel Services, using an appropriate path, eg: http://MyServer/sites/Contoso/Spreadsheets/RegionalSales.xlsx

6.2 Manipulate the workbook via a web service proxy (ConsoleTestExcelServices.dll)

a. In Visual Studio, create a simple console application.

b. Add a traditional web reference. To do this, right-click on References in Solution Explorer, and select Add Service Reference. In the Add Service Reference dialog, click the Advanced button, and then the Add Web Reference button.

c. Type in the URL for your Excel Services server, eg: http://MyServer/sites/Contoso/_vti_bin/ExcelService.asmx

d. When the wizard finds the Excel Services service, specify a suitable web reference name, eg: “ES”, and click Add Reference.

e. Declare some variables for the service URL, the workbook URL, and the worksheet name.

private const String serviceUrl =
"http://MyServer/sites/Contoso/_vti_bin/ExcelService.asmx";

private const String workbookUrl =
"http://MyServer/sites/Contoso/Spreadsheets/RegionalSales.xlsx";

private const String sheetName = "Sheet1";

f. Create the proxy to Excel Services web service, and specify the SOAP 1.2 protocol so we get richer error information. Also make sure that our user credentials are used.

ES.ExcelService s = new ES.ExcelService();

s.SoapVersion =
System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapProtocolVersion.Soap12;

s.Credentials =
System.Net.CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;

s.Url = serviceUrl;

String sessionId = null;

g. Open the workbook from Excel Services, read a cell value, and write a cell value. Be sure to close the workbook when you’re done.

try

{

Console.WriteLine(
"Opening workbook {0} at {1}", workbookUrl, s.Url);

ES.Status[] status;

// Open the workbook from Excel Services.

        sessionId = s.OpenWorkbook(
            workbookUrl, String.Empty, String.Empty,
            out status);

Console.WriteLine("Session ID: {0}", sessionId);

// Read a cell value.

object north = s.GetCellA1(
sessionId, sheetName, "North", true, out status);

Console.WriteLine("North = {0}", north);

// Write a cell value.

status = s.SetCellA1(sessionId, sheetName, "East", 999);

if (status == null)

{

object east = s.GetCellA1(
sessionId, sheetName, "East", true, out status);

Console.WriteLine("East = {0}", east);

}

catch (SoapException e)

{

Console.WriteLine(
"SoapException: {0}", e.SubCode.Code.Name);

}

catch (Exception e)

{

Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());

}

finally

{

if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(sessionId))

{

try

{

s.CloseWorkbook(sessionId);

}

catch { }

}

h. The runtime output should look something like this:

Opening workbook http://MyServer/sites/Contoso/Spreadsheets/RegionalSales.xlsx at http://MyServer/sites/Contoso/_vti_bin/ExcelService.asmx
Session ID: 64.7d0d5456-4b85-448d-a88e-ce9242deb7f9HtTBm7DThVZQoXsRZba94EiD6V8=117.21.4/Uqc302XUOqoMSBpn5z190.5.en-US5.en-US73.+0480#0000-11-00-01T02:00:00:0000#+0000#0000-03-00-02T02:00:00:0000#-0060
North = $1,234.00
East = $999.00

i. Note that the changes made to the sheet cell values are not persisted in the original file on the server. Note also that the app.config is not required in this client.

6.3 Manipulate the workbook via a WCF proxy (ConsoleTestEwsWcf.dll)

a. Previously, we used a traditional web service proxy, but we can use a WCF proxy instead.

b. To do this, create a console application as before.

c. In Solution Explorer, right-click on References and select Add Service Reference.

d. Type in the URL for the Excel Services service, eg: http://MyServer/sites/Contoso/_vti_bin/ExcelService.asmx, and click Go.

e. When the wizard finds the Excel Services service, select the ExcelServiceSoap node, specify a suitable namespace name, eg: “ES”, and click OK.

f. As before, declare some variables for the the workbook URL, and the worksheet name. Note that the service URL was written into the app.config by the service reference wizard.

//private const String serviceUrl =

//"http://MyServer/sites/Contoso/_vti_bin/ExcelService.asmx";

private const String workbookUrl =
"http://MyServer/sites/Contoso/Spreadsheets/RegionalSales.xlsx";

private const String sheetName = "Sheet1";

g. Create the proxy to Excel Services web service. Security information will be provided in the app.config.

ES.ExcelServicesSoapClient s =
new ES. ExcelServicesSoapClient ();

//s.SoapVersion =
// System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapProtocolVersion.Soap12;

//s.Credentials =
// System.Net.CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;

//s.Url = serviceUrl;

String sessionId = null;

h. Open the workbook from Excel Services, read a cell value, and write a cell value. Be sure to close the workbook when you’re done. This code is the same for both the traditional web service proxy and the WCF proxy, except that we allow for catching FaultExceptions not SoapExceptions.

try

{

Console.WriteLine(
"Opening workbook {0} at {1}", workbookUrl, s.Url);

ES.Status[] status;

// Open the workbook from Excel Services.

        sessionId = s.OpenWorkbook(
            workbookUrl, String.Empty, String.Empty,
            out status);

Console.WriteLine("Session ID: {0}", sessionId);

// Read a cell value.

object north = s.GetCellA1(
sessionId, sheetName, "North", true, out status);

Console.WriteLine("North = {0}", north);

// Write a cell value.

status = s.SetCellA1(sessionId, sheetName, "East", 999);

if (status == null)

{

object east = s.GetCellA1(
sessionId, sheetName, "East", true, out status);

Console.WriteLine("East = {0}", east);

}

//catch (SoapException e)

//{

// Console.WriteLine(
// "SoapException: {0}", e.SubCode.Code.Name);

//}

catch (System.ServiceModel.FaultException e)

{

Console.WriteLine("FaultException: {0}", e.ToString());

if (e.Code.SubCode != null)

{

Console.WriteLine(
"SubCode: {0}", e.Code.SubCode.Name);

}

catch (Exception e)

{

Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());

}

finally

{

if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(sessionId))

{

try

{

s.CloseWorkbook(sessionId);

}

catch { }

}

i. Note the additional changes we must make to the app.config to specify security. First, the service reference wizard gives us security mode None by default, but we want to specify NTLM credentials:

<!--<security mode="None">

<transport clientCredentialType="None"
proxyCredentialType="None"

realm="" />

</security>-->

</security>

j. We add an endpoint behavior to allow impersonation, so that the endpoint can act with the client’s credentials on the server.

</clientCredentials>

</behavior>

</endpointBehaviors>

</behaviors>

k. Finally, apply this behavior to the endpoint.

<endpoint

address="http://MyServer/_vti_bin/ExcelService.asmx"

binding="basicHttpBinding"
bindingConfiguration="ExcelServiceSoap"

contract="ES.ExcelServiceSoap"

behaviorConfiguration="AllowImpersonationBehavior"

name="ExcelServiceSoap" />

l. The runtime output will be the same as before.

OK, this series of posts has built up a very simple checklist of tasks for setting up and configuring MOSS and Excel Services, publishing workbooks, building and publishing UDFs, and using Excel Web Access and Excel Web Services APIs. There’s obviously a lot more information on MSDN on these topics, and you’re encouraged to flesh out the information in this checklist with the much richer information in the published documentation.

Excel Services Getting Started – Pt3 EWA

andreww — Tue, 05 May 2009 04:54:00 GMT

This continues my previous checklists here and here on getting started with Excel Services. In this post, I’ll append a walkthrough for using Excel Web Access.

5. Using Excel Web Access

5.1 Make the EWA web part available in your sub-site

a. Note: this task is only required if you did not base your site on the Document Workspace template.

b. We want to create a new page for this sub-site, using the Excel Web Access web part. However, the EWA web part is not available by default for new sub-sites based off the Blank Site template. If we had based the site off the Document Workspace site template, the EWA web part would be available by default. Depending on which template you did use, the web part might be part of a feature that simply needs to be activated on your site.

c. If not, we can simply copy the EWA web part from the top-level site gallery into the sub-site gallery. To do this, navigate to the default home page for the SharePoint server, eg: http://MyServer/Pages/Default.aspx

d. Select the Site Actions drop-down in the top right-hand corner, and click Site Settings, then Modify All Site Settings.

e. Under Galleries, click Web Parts.

f. From the list of web parts, find the Microsoft.Office.Excel.WebUi.dwp, and click the Edit Document Properties link.

g. On the properties page, click the Export button, and save the dwp to some location on your machine.

h. Then, navigate to the sub-site, eg: http://MyServer/sites/Contoso

i. Select the Site Actions menu, Site Settings option.

j. Under Galleries, click Web Parts.

k. Click Upload, and find the Microsoft.Office.Excel.WebUi.dwp that you exported previously.

l. Edit the web part properties to match the properties in the top-level site gallery. Most of the properties are already set for you, and you can actually accept all the defaults. For consistency, however, you can type in “Business Data” for the group, and “Dashboard” for the Quick Add Groups.

m. Note that the .DWP is simply an XML file that identifies the DLL for the web part:

<Assembly>Microsoft.Office.Excel.WebUI, Version=12.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=71e9bce111e9429c</Assembly>

<TypeName>Microsoft.Office.Excel.WebUI.ExcelWebRenderer</TypeName>

<Title>Excel Web Access</Title>

<Description>Use the Excel Web Access to interact with an Excel workbook as a Web page.</Description>

<FrameType>TitleBarOnly</FrameType>

<PartImageSmall>/_layouts/images/ewr023.gif</PartImageSmall>

<PartImageLarge>/_layouts/images/ewr023.gif</PartImageLarge>

</WebPart>

5.2 Create a new Web Part page in MOSS (EwaTest.aspx)

a. Navigate to your sub-site, eg: http://MyServer/sites/Contoso.

b. Select the Site Actions menu, Create option. On the Create page, under Web Pages, select Web Part page.

c. On the Create Page page, type in a suitable title for the page, eg “EwaTest” – this will be an .ASPX page.

d. Select the simplest layout template to base the new page on: Full Page Vertical.

e. Select any of your site’s document libraries as the save location, eg Spreadsheets, and click Create.

f. SharePoint creates the new page and navigates to it. On the new page, click the Add Web Park link.

g. From the Add Web Parts menu, scroll down to the All Web Parts, Business Data section, select the Excel Web Access part, and click Add.

5.3 Associate the web part with a workbook

a. On the new web part page, under Select a Workbook, click the link to open the tool pane.

b. In the EWA properties pane, either type in a (relative or absolute) URL to the workbook you want to render in this EWA part, or click the Browse button to navigate to the workbook. You can choose any workbook, including any that you have uploaded to this site’s document library, eg: /sites/Contoso/Spreadsheets/ContosoSales.xlsx.

c. For the purposes of this exercise, you can leave all the other settings at their defaults. Click OK, and exit Edit Mode. This will take you to the new page. You can also get to this page by navigating independently to it, eg: http://MyServer/sites/Contoso/Spreadsheets/EwaTest.aspx

d. Done.

Excel Services Getting Started – Pt2 UDFs

andreww — Sat, 25 Apr 2009 04:55:00 GMT

This continues my previous checklist on getting started with Excel Services. Here, I’ll append a walkthrough for creating, deploying and updating User-Defined Function assemblies with Excel Services.

4. Create and deploy a UDF assembly

4.1 Create a UDF assembly in Visual Studio (SampleUdf.dll)

a. I’m assuming here that your developer machine is not the same as your Excel Server machine. When you build UDFs, you do need to reference an assembly that is part of Excel Services, but which is unlikely to be available on your dev machine.

b. For simplicity, take a copy of the Microsoft.Office.Excel.Server.Udf.dll from the Excel Server machine, and put it onto your dev machine, so that you can reference it locally. On the Excel Server machine, this DLL is in the GAC, typically here: C:\Windows\assembly\GAC_MSIL\Microsoft.Office.Excel.Server.Udf\12.0.0.0__71e9bce111e9429c\. Copy this to a suitable location on your dev machine.

c. In Visual Studio, create a simple Class Library project. Add a reference to Microsoft.Office.Excel.Server.Udf.dll (and set the Copy Local property to false). You need this for the UdfClass and UdfMethod attributes. Add a suitable using statement for the Microsoft.Office.Excel.Server.Udf namespace.

d. Create a simple class with two methods, using the UdfClass and UdfMethod attributes, eg:

[UdfClass()]

public class MyUdfs

{

[UdfMethod]

public double GetDouble(double d)

{

return d * 2;

}

[UdfMethod(IsVolatile = false)]

public DateTime GetStaticTime()

{

return DateTime.Now;

}

[UdfMethod(IsVolatile = true)]

public DateTime GetVolatileTime()

{

return DateTime.Now;

}

e. In the example above, there are 2 non-volatile methods: GetDouble and GetStaticTime, and one volatile method, GetVolatileTime. GetStaticTime will often return the current time, but Excel Services makes performance optimizations by caching return values of non-volatile methods. So, sometimes Excel Services will return a cached value for GetStaticTime instead of calling the method again. On the other hand, GetVolatileTime will be called every time anything on the sheet is recalculated and re-rendered to the client.

f. Build the DLL.

4.2 Deploy the UDF assembly to Excel Services

a. Copy the UDF DLL from your dev machine to some suitable location on the server machine, eg: “C:\Data\UDFs”. You can deploy UDFs either to an arbitrary file location, or to the GAC. Note that normal probing rules apply, so any dependencies need to be either in the same folder tree as the primary UDF assembly or in the GAC.

b. On the SharePoint Server machine, in Central Administration, select the Application Management tab at the top.

c. Click the SSP link for your Excel Services SSP (by default, “SharedServices1”) to go to the administration page for that SSP.

d. On the Shared Services Administration page, under Excel Services Settings, select the User-defined function assemblies link.

e. Click the Add User Defined Function Assembly option.

f. In the Add User-Defined Function Assembly page, specify the path where you copied the UDF DLL to on the server, eg: “C:\Data\UDFs\SampleUdf.dll”.

g. Specify that this is a File path location, and ensure that the Assembly enabled option is checked. Click OK.

h. The UDF should now be listed on the Excel Services User-Defined Functions page for the SSP.

4.3 Test the UDF assembly (TestSampleUdf.xlsx)

a. Create a new Excel workbook. In Column A, enter labels for the 3 UDFs: Double, StaticTime and VolatileTime. In Column B, enter formulas that call each of these methods:

	A	B	C
1	Double	=GetDouble(C1)	5
2	StaticTime	=GetStaticTime()
3	VolatileTime	=GetVolatileTime()

b. Note that Excel client will return #NAME? for these UDF calls because it cannot find the UDFs on the client. This is expected.

c. Note also that the GetDouble call uses cell C1 as a parameter. Define a name for cell C1, eg: “DoubleParam”.

d. Publish the workbook to Excel Services as normal. Only publish Sheet1, and add a parameter for the DoubleParam cell.

e. When the workbook is published, it is rendered in the browser. You can enter new values for the DoubleParam, and when you click Apply, Excel Services will recalculate the sheet and re-render it.

f. Note that whenever GetDouble is recalculated, so is GetVolatileTime. On the other hand, Excel Services will often return a cached value for GetStaticTime.

4.4 Update the UDF assembly

a. Excel Services loads UDF assemblies when it needs to look for a UDF in a sheet that it is calculating. It only loads each assembly once, and never unloads any assemblies. This makes it difficult to develop iteratively.

b. To force Excel Services to release its lock on a UDF assembly, you can simply recycle the Excel Services application pool.

c. This simple command will recycle the pool:

cd %windir%\system32\inetsrv

appcmd recycle apppool "OfficeServerApplicationPool"

pause

d. You can find the name of the app pool used by Excel Services in IIS Manager, under Application Pools.

e. If necessary, you can also reset IIS altogether, although this is obviously pretty draconian:

net stop iisadmin

rem respond Y

net start w3svc

pause

I hope this continuation checklist is useful – as before, it simply collects together and distils information from a range of documentation on MSDN.

Excel Services Setup and Getting Started

andreww — Tue, 21 Apr 2009 23:27:00 GMT

As part of an internal prototype I was working on recently, I had to set up a machine for Excel Services – and do this repeatedly as my prototype messed up the installation in various ways. I found lots of MSDN documentation that covered all aspects of setting up the base server OS, setting up MOSS, and configuring MOSS for Excel Services in a multitude of possible configurations – but what I wanted was a nice concise checklist so that I could reliably setup an E/S box whenever I needed to. I couldn’t find one, so I’ve created my own.

This is a brief step-by-step checklist for setting up Excel Services on MOSS 2007 from scratch, and publishing workbooks. Later on, I’ll look at how to publish UDFs, and use Excel Web Access and the Excel Web Services APIs. A word of warning: I used these instructions to set up a machine specifically for testing, demoing and prototyping – and explicitly not for real production use, so some of the configuration choices I made might not be suitable for real production use.

1. Set up Windows Server 2008

1.1 Install and configure Windows Server 2008

a. Install Windows Server 2008, and all SPs and updates. This simple installation will be for a standalone server, not a farm.

b. In Server Manager | Customize this server | Enable Remote Desktop – this step is just so I could continue setting up the server remotely (kicking off various parts of the configuration while sitting in some tedious meeting, perhaps).

i. Under Role Services, add Application Development, all Health & Diagnostics, all Security, and IIS 6.0 Management Compatibility (in addition to the IIS 7.0 support provided by default).

d. Add the Application Server role, which will install .NET Fx 3.0. (Alternatively, install .NET Fx 3.0 as a feature: in Server Manager, select Action | Add features | .NET Framework 3.0 Features.)

e. Turn off IE Enhanced Security Configuration: Server Manager | Security Information | Configure IE ESC – this step is just a convenience for my test machine, so that I can navigate freely without security prompts. Obviously, not recommended for production use.

f. Turn on network discovery and file sharing: Control Panel | Network & Sharing.

1.2 Install Microsoft Office SharePoint Server 2007

a. Run setup for MOSS 2007, and all SPs and updates. Configure the server as Basic.

b. At the end of setup, run the SharePoint Configuration Wizard. This configures MOSS, and does not require user input.

2. Configure MOSS to support Excel Services

2.1 Make sure Excel Services is running

a. This step should only be required for a farm setup – in a standalone setup, Excel Services should already be started, but it is included here for completeness.

b. Select Start | Administrative Tools | SharePoint 3.0 Central Administration. This runs the SharePoint Central Administration web application.

c. In Central Administration, select the Operations tab at the top.

d. On the Operations page, under Topology and Services, click on “Services on server”.

e. On the Services on Server page, ensure that Excel Calculation Services is started.

2.2 Create a new SharePoint site

a. In SharePoint Central Administration, select the Application Management tab at the top.

b. On the Application Management tab, under SharePoint Site Management, select Create site collection. This creates a new site.

c. On the Create Site Collection page, make sure the base web application is set to your server name without a port (the web app with a port is your server admin app).

d. Type in a suitable Title (eg “Contoso”).

e. Also type in a suitable URL. You’ll be given the start of the URL based on your SharePoint Server address (eg: http://MyServer). Make the new site a sub-site of the top-level “sites”, so that your full URL will be something like http://MyServer/sites/Contoso.

f. For Template Selection, you can use any of the provided templates. However, it tends to be best to start with the Document Workspace template (on the Collaboration tab), because that gives you the maximum features, page templates, web parts, etc.

g. Specify the Primary and Secondary Site Collection Administrators. You can simply set the Primary Administrator to the existing SharePoint Server administrator username. The names must be valid domain usernames – make sure to check the name, using the lookup button at the end of the field.

h. Click OK. This will cause SharePoint to create and provision the new site, and the site collection for the site. When it’s done, SharePoint will display a “Site Successfully Created” page.

i. Navigate to your new site, eg: http://MyServer/sites/Contoso. Drop down the Site Actions menu, and select Site Settings. Under Site Administration, click Site features. On the Site features page, locate Office SharePoint Server Enterprise Site features (which includes Excel Services) and make sure it is activated.

2.3 Create a Document Library to hold the workbooks

a. Navigate to your new site, eg: http://MyServer/sites/Contoso.

b. From your new site page, drop down the Actions menu, and select the Create command. Note that if you did not base your site on the Document Workspace template, the command navigation to create a document library may be slightly different.

c. From the Create page, under Libraries, select Document Library.

d. On the New page, type in a name for the library, eg “Spreadsheets”.

e. Change the default document template to Excel Spreadsheet. This is only required if you’re going to allow users to create new documents within the library – as opposed to publishing documents to the library. For my testing, I was only going to publish documents to the library, not create new ones from there, so this step was really redundant in my case.

f. Click Create. This creates the new document library.

2.4 Add a trusted file location for uploading workbooks to Excel Services

a. In Central Administration, select the Application Management tab at the top.

b. Under Office SharePoint Server Shared Services, click on “Create or configure this farm’s shared services”.

c. You can use the default SSP, probably named “SharedServices1”.

d. Click the SSP link (either in the left-hand nav-pane, or in the drop-down on the page) to go to the administration page for that SSP.

e. On the Shared Services Administration page, under Excel Services Settings, select the Trusted file locations link.

f. On the Trusted File Locations page, click the Add Trusted File Location link.

g. On the Add/Edit Trusted File Location page, type in the address – use the URL of the document library you created for this purpose, eg: http://MyServer/sites/Contoso/Spreadsheets.

h. Make sure the location type is a Windows SharePoint Services location.

i. If you want to trust sub-folders of this location, check the Children Trusted option.

j. If you want to trust workbooks with with links to external data, you can check one of these options.

k. If you want to allow User-Defined Functions, check the User-Defined Functions Allowed option at the bottom of the page.

l. Click OK.

2.5 Configure Single Sign-On for Excel Services

a. Open the Services MMC: Start menu | Administrative Tools | Services.

b. Right-click on Microsoft Single Sign-on Service, and select Properties. In the Properties dialog, on the General tab, change the Startup Type to Automatic. On the Log On tab, select the Log on as This account option, and type in the domain\username and password that you used to install MOSS 2007. Click OK.

c. Start the service by clicking Start in the Services dialog, then close the Services dialog.

d. Open the SharePoint Central Administration web app, and select the Operations tab. Under Security Configuration, click Manage settings for single sign-on. In the Manage Settings for Single Sign-On page, click Manage server settings.

e. In the Manage Server Settings for Single Sign-On page, type in the domain\username for the Single Sign-On Administrator Account – this should be the same user that the SSO service is running as (and the same as the admin user account for MOSS). Enter the same domain\username for the Enterprise Application Definition Administrator Account. Leave the other settings as their defaults, and click OK.

f. Navigate back to the Manage Settings for Single Sign-On page, and click Manage settings for enterprise application definitions. Then click New Item.

g. In the Create Enterprise Application Definition page, type in a suitable Display name and Application name. You can set these both to the same value, for example “SSO”. Type in the email address that users can contact for this application.

h. Set the Account type to Group, and the Authentication type to Windows authentication. Set the Logon Account Information Display Name fields to suitable values – the defaults of “Username” and “Password” are fine. The username field should not be masked, but the password field should be masked. Click OK.

i. Navigate back to the Manage Settings for Single Sign-On page, and click Manage Account Information for enterprise application definitions.

j. On the Manage Account Information for an Enterprise Application Definition page, make sure the SSO application definition is selected in the drop-down listbox. Then enter a suitable domain\group name as the group account name, eg: “MYDOMAIN\Domain Users”, and click Set.

k. Enter the username and password of a user on your domain that has access to the data sources that you will be using, and click OK.

l. This puts you back on the previous Manage Account Information for an Enterprise Application Definition page. Click Done.

2.6 Configure Excel Services timeouts

a. The various timeout settings on Excel Services can be tuned for optimum performance and reliability. For testing or demo purposes, you might want to disable timeouts altogether.

b. To do this, open the Shared Services Admin page for your SSP (probably SharedServices1). Under Excel Services Settings, click Trusted File Locations. From the list of trusted locations, click the one you have set up for publishing worksheets, so that you can edit the properties.

c. On the Excel Services Edit Trusted File Location page, under Session Management, set the Session Timeout to -1. The default is 300, and setting it to -1 means that sessions will not timeout.

d. Under Session Management, set the Short Session Timeout to -1 to prevent sessions timing out (default is 75 seconds) - this is the maximum allowable time between opening the session and the first user interaction. Also set the Maximum Request Duration to -1 (default is 300) - this is the maximum duration of a single request in a session.

e. Under Calculation Behavior, set the Volatile Function Cache Lifetime to 0 (zero), to force Excel to recalculate the workbook for each new session. Note this will not result in recalculations within the current session. The only way to force recalculation during a session is to change input parameters or (using the Excel Services web service) by calling the CalculateWorkbook API. Refreshing the page in the browser will not cause a recalculation. Setting the VFCL to zero simply sets a zero initial cache for each session.

2.7 Configure the Unified Logging Service

a. Out of the box, MOSS uses ULS to sent trace information to the system event logs, performance counters, and to the MOSS-specific ULS logs. For testing purposes, you probably want to maximize the log information.

b. To do this, go to SharePoint Central Admininistration, click the Operations tab, find the Logging and Reporting section, and click Diagnostic Logging.

c. In the Event Throttling section, select the Category dropdown and, for each of the eight Excel options do the following:

i. Select the item (eg, Excel Calculation Services).

ii. In the Least Critical Event to Report to the Event Log dropdown, leave the default setting (Error).

iii. In the Least Critical Event to Report to the Trace Log dropdown, select Verbose.

iv. Click OK.

v. Go back to step (i).

d. By default, the logs are written to %ProgramFiles%\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Web Server Extensions\12\LOGS.

e. The log files are tab-delimited text files, which you can view in Notepad or Excel.

3. Create and publish a workbook to Excel Services

3.1 Create an Excel workbook (ContosoSales.xlsx)

a. On the client machine, open the regular Excel desktop application, and create a new workbook with 2 worksheets.

b. In Sheet1, set up a simple set of cell values and labels. Define named ranges for the cells with the money values. For example, select the cell containing the Sales value (cell B1 in the example below, not the label). From the Formulas tab, select Define Name. By default, Excel will suggest the label to the left (that is, “Sales”) as the name of the named range. Accept this default. Repeat for the money cell for Costs (B2).

	A	B
1	Sales	$100,000.00
2	Costs	$85,000.00
3	Profit

c. On Sheet2, in any cell, enter a suitable formula for the Profit value, eg: =(Sales-Costs)/Sales. When we publish this workbook to Excel Services, we’re going to hide Sheet2.

d. Back in Sheet1, in the value cell for Profit (cell B3 in the example above), enter a formula to reference the formula in Sheet2, eg: =Sheet2!B2 (where B2 is the cell containing the profit formula in Sheet2), and format it as a percentage.

3.2 Publish the workbook to Excel Services

a. In Excel, click the Office button, and select Publish, Excel Services. This displays a modified Save As dialog.

b. In the Save As dialog, use the URL of the Spreadsheets document library you created on SharePoint Server as the path for your new workbook, eg: http://MyServer/sites/Contoso/Spreadsheets/ContosoSales.xlsx.

c. Then click the Excel Services Options button.

d. In the Excel Services Options dialog, on the Show tab, specify that you only want to publish Sheet1, not the entire workbook.

e. On the Parameters tab, click Add. In the Add Parameters dialog, select both the Sales and Costs named ranges as parameters. This will allow the browser client to feed data into the worksheet for these parameters.

f. Click Save. This will publish the workbook to Excel Services, and open a browser window with a rendering of the published spreadsheet. Note that you can’t edit the sheet directly, but you can enter values for the Costs and Sales parameters in the task pane, and apply them to update the sheet. This will cause the sheet to be recalculated on the server, and re-rendered on the client. Note also that any changes you make are not persisted to the workbook on the server.

3.3 Ensure users open the spreadsheet in the browser

a. Back on the SharePoint Server, if you navigate to the Spreadsheets document library, you should see your new workbook listed there.

b. By default, if a user navigates to this page, and clicks on a workbook, the workbook will open on the client in client Excel. To ensure that it opens in the client’s browser instead, drop down the Settings list, and select Document Library Settings.

c. Under General Settings, click Advanced settings.

d. In the Browser-enabled Documents section, select the Display as a Web page option, and click OK.

That’s it! I’ve basically collected together the necessary installation and configuration steps from a range of published sources, and distilled them down to a simple checklist. Next time I get a few moments, I’ll add to this checklist with the steps for creating and publishing UDFs, and using the Excel Web Services APIs.