basketweaving for the mind : iis7

IIS7.x, Server Farms and Ruby

nhodge — Tue, 24 Feb 2009 12:20:00 GMT

(Caution: Ruby application names are as prolific, esoteric and funny as Microsoft code names)

The previous post (broadly) demonstrated how to use a combination of URL Rewrite and FastCGI to put a Ruby on Rails application on IIS7.5.

As Rails, Merb (which I am reliably informed is what all the cool kids use today) and Sinatra

Another more common method of deploying Rails applications is behind a small web server such mongrel, thin or whilst development ruby’s inbuilt WEBrick. These servers are attached to one instance of the ruby application with a front-end web server acting as the reverse proxy server. This server forwards requests from the outside world to one of the instances of your ruby application; and ‘proxies’ the response back to the browser on the client.

Using an reverse proxy server architecture provides various goodness: easy instance creation, simple scaling and relatively easy deployment. If you get the configuration right.

To deploy a reverse proxy server with IIS previously required third party ISAPI such as ISAPIRewrite.

As complex deployments are becoming more common, Microsoft has released the Microsoft Application Request Routing Version 1 for IIS 7 (get it here). Note that the server also requires URL Rewrite.

The following is my simple setup.

How to Setup

As I have mongrel installed on my development machine, and am experimenting with sinatra: mongrel is chosen as the default server.

With a simple batch script, I launch the instances of my simple application. The ruby application is hi.rb. In this instance, ruby.exe is in my PATH. The '-p 4567' tells Sinatra and Mongrel to use port 4567 as the listening port. There are mechanisms to make these services. This machine is development only, so I’ll leave that alone

@ECHO OFF
ruby.exe hi.rb -p 4567

Install Microsoft Application Request Routing Version 1 for IIS 7. Note that the server also requires URL Rewrite.

Launch the Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager

Create a Server Farm. A farm is a collection of servers (IIS7 and others) the server is going to farm the incoming requests to

Provide a name for your farm

On my test server, I wish to use multiple ports on the same server. That is, more than one application instance bound to separate ports.

Type the address (without the port) of an application instance. After clicking “Add”, click on the entry in the server address, and click on the “Advanced settings…”. Sinatra’s default port for an instance is :4567. As extra instances are added; add them to the farm with the appropriate port.

NOTE 1: The UI when adding a httpPort for each address is a little weird. What I found working is to type the Server address:, expand ‘applicationRequestRoutin’, enter the port (if not the default port 80), click add. Then re-click on the entry in the list, and re-enter the httpPort (as it seems to revert back to :80)

NOTE 2: Each server address must be unique in the Server farm. Therefore, if you have multiple instances of the same application, although on separate ports, on the same server: you will need to do some work on the DNS or hosts file. On my test machine, I have created aliases in my machine’s hosts file to the same server (run Notepad.exe as administrator!):
%windir%\System32\drivers\etc\hosts
127.0.0.1    localhost localhost-1 localhost-2

Server farms can also exist across physical IP addresses: this may be different IIS instances, different virtual machines or different physical machines.

To match the incoming requests with a particular farm, a URL Rewrite Rule is automatically created.

The below rule will matching any incoming request (which you may wish to tweak) to the server farm. Note the Action properties: pointing to a particular farm, passing on the {R:0}, or the pattern matched in the Match URL:

The .config file

The configuration (on my machine) looks something like:

%windir%\System32\inetsrv\config\applicationHost.config

<webfarms> 

    <webfarm enabled="true" name="localhost"> 
        <server enabled="true" address="localhost-1">

            <applicationrequestrouting httpport="4567" />

        </server>

        <server enabled="true" address="localhost-2">

            <applicationrequestrouting httpport="4568" />

        </server>

        <applicationrequestrouting>

            <loadbalancing algorithm="WeightedRoundRobin" />

            <protocol httpversion="Http10" />

        </applicationrequestrouting>

    </webfarm>

    <applicationrequestrouting>

        <hostaffinityproviderlist>

            <add name="Microsoft.Web.Arr.HostNameRoundRobin" />

            <add name="Microsoft.Web.Arr.HostNameMemory" />

        </hostaffinityproviderlist>

    </applicationrequestrouting>

</webfarms>

For Further Research

The Server Farms have extra features for checking the health of instances. Wiring these into mongrel would be cool.
Load Balancing mechanisms: wiring these for deeper integration
IronRuby. Now that would be cool.

Windows 7, IIS 7.5 and Ruby on Rails

nhodge — Mon, 23 Feb 2009 07:50:25 GMT

Having spent the weekend working on Ruby on Rails with IIS/SQLServer 2008 Express backend via FastCGI, here are some tips to get you going:

The best resource is Ruslan’s post on Rails and IIS7. In fact, go and bookmark this site right now. In Ruslan’s post, the web.config shown is best edited in a text editor.
When installing IIS7.5 on Windows 7 Beta (build 7000) is easy: Using the Control Panels\Programs, Turn Windows Features On/Off. Underneath the Internet Information Services, you need to also install the CGI feature (to get FastCGI)
Windows 7 and URL Rewrite: This forum post http://forums.iis.net/t/1154240.aspx will get you going whilst Windows 7 is in beta
Database connectivity to SQLServer seems to be a common question. Installing the option “sqlserver adaptor” which is now an optional part of ActiveRecord:
```
gem install activerecord-sqlserver-adapter --source=http://gems.rubyonrails.org
```
Connecting via the ODBC adaptor via the SQL Native Client worked, rather than the ADO connector. My connector string looked something like this:
```
development: 
  adapter: sqlserver 
  mode: odbc 
  dsn: Driver={SQL Native Client};Server=.\SQLEXPRESS;Database=xxxxx;
```
As I am installing underneath the IIS7 root directory (that is: http://server/myapp) there are 3 small Rails tweaks required inform the application all the goodies are in a subdirectory:

in config/environment.rb, the header, define a global variable:
```
PATH_PREFIX = '/myapp'
```
in config/environment.rb, in the Initializer, set the asset home directory:
```
Rails::Initializer.run do |config|
    config.action_controller.asset_host = PATH_PREFIX
```
in config/routes.rb, ActionController::Routing::Routes.draw:
```
  map.connect PATH_PREFIX + '/:controller/:action/:id'
  map.connect PATH_PREFIX + '/:controller/:action/:id.:format'
end
```

Demos and Links from Edge of the Web, Nov’08 Perth

nhodge — Tue, 11 Nov 2008 06:08:11 GMT

During the 50 minutes of presentation (including at least 9 ICHC images), I demonstrated the following bits and pieces of open source and or free Microsoft bits.

Demo set 1: Web Standards

Live Mesh Mobile : take photo to mesh on laptop

MacOS X 10.5 client available too [not demo’d]

DataModelBrowser to apis.mesh.com; showing REST/JSON/APP [part of Live Framework SDK]
Oomph: Microformats toolkit (source on codeplex.com) incorporating:

LiveWriter; hCard plugin; publish; show IE plugin, same site with Firefox Tail

Demo set 2: PHP, SQLServer 2008 & IIS7

Demo set 3: IronPython

IronPython; ipy hello world winforms
using as aspx as "code behind" and ASP.NET
F# integration with via .NET compiled .dll (calling from IronPython)

Demo set 4: IronRuby

IronRuby; flickr.net example from John Lam’s PDC2008 session
Photoviewer; using local Chiron, browser, ruby in browser doing HTML/DOM

Demo set 5: Silverlight

Silverlight 2 tools for Visual Studio now support Visual Studio Express

Silverlight 2 also supporting Eclipse (see, competition is a good thing)

Silverlight Toolkit, run from chrome-less Google Chrome (contains Microsoft Windows Template Lib)

Vista as my PHP Developer Workstation

nhodge — Sat, 13 Sep 2008 15:30:00 GMT

Prior to joining Microsoft, I always setup my Windows laptop as a PHP/Apache development workstation. Having created my own content management system in PHP (and who hasn’t!) – having a remote development copy is critical.

Over the last few weeks, I have installed the following onto my Vista Ultimate 64-bit laptop and home workstation:

install IIS7 web server, with the CGI support (note: a version of IIS7 supplied with Vista SP1)
Install Thread-safe PHP from http://windows.php.net/downloads.php
Using the IIS Manager, and module remap .php extensions to the
Install php_sqlsrv~~_ts~~.dll which is a part of the Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Driver for PHP, modify the php.ini to launch/activate the extension [see comments below]
The following change in the php.ini is also important in an IIS installation

; Set to 1 if running under IIS. Default is zero.
; fastcgi.impersonate = 1;
Restart the IIS
Reading the http://forums.iis.net/ I also updated FastCGI (fixes REQUEST_URI)

Development Environments

Everyone has their favourite development environment. I do have Notepad++ installed, and often just resort to Notepad. As I am from Microsoft, I have access to Visual Studio. Searching out for a Visual Studio plugin: I am currently trialling vs.php (Visual Studio PHP; http://www.jcxsoftware.com/vs.php)

In Which I Get My Own IIS7

nhodge — Tue, 19 Aug 2008 08:28:20 GMT

Thanks to our resident Hosting Geek: Jorke, I have an internet-facing Windows 2008 / IIS7 web site.

Yes, Jorke is a brave man.

After logging in via Remote Desktop and changing my password, it is off and away on this funny experience with Windows IIS hosting.

For the record, historically I have always developed/tested my PHP/MySQL sites on Windows: from 2000, via XP and now on Vista, I would install Apache, PHP and MySQL to provide a mirror to the eventual “web hosted” server in the cloud.

First step is to install SQLServer 2008: Express onto the server.

Second step, to ensure that FastCGI PHP is running. Thanks to the support of FastCGI in IIS7, this took a minute at most:

Thirdly, as I plan to use the open source Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Driver for PHP, installing the extension: php_sqlsrv.dll and wiring this to launch in php.ini (one line addition)

After testing with php_info(); , I can see I have a working internet-facing server install.

Now onward towards php.